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Pp. 1936 The Siege of the Alcazar | Carmona en Viñetas . The Siege Of The Alcazar: Myth And History February 1, 2020 Arnaud Imatz When Brigadier General Federico Fuentes Gomez de Salazar died on January 15, 2018, just before he could celebrate his 100th birthday, he was the last surviving defender of the Alcazar of Toledo. The Siege of the Alcazar or L'Assedio dell'Alcazar is a 1940 Italian war film directed by Augusto Genina about the famous episode Siege of the Alcázar during the Spanish Civil War set in Toledo, Spain.The film won the Mussolini Cup in Venice Film Festival for being the Best Italian Film. War volunteering in modern times: from the French Revolution to the Second World War. [3] The only weapons that they possessed were rifles, a few old machine guns and some hand grenades, but the officials and Guardia Civil had managed to bring in abundant ammunition. The Alcázar of Toledo is a historical fortification where the Spanish Infantry Academy was based and was held by Nationalists supporting the 18 July 1936 coup attempt against the Spanish Republic. The Republican siege of the Alcazar was the defining point of the Spanish Civil War. Many of his advisers thought that he should have kept up the advance towards Madrid because the besiegers of the Alcázar would have been recalled to Madrid for its defense. The siege was the basis for the prize-winning 1940 Italian Fascist propaganda film, L'assedio dell'Alcazar, directed by Augusto Genina. The siege of the Alcazar by Cecil D. Eby, 1966, Bodley Head edition, in English The Nationalists saw the Alcázar as a representation of the strength and dominance of Spain. The Nationalists on that side were driven into the courtyard of the Alcázar, but reserves arrived from elsewhere in the building to drive back the attack. Crossword Clue The crossword clue Site of the Siege of the Alcázar with 6 letters was last seen on the January 01, 2006.We think the likely answer to this clue is TOLEDO.Below are all possible answers to this clue ordered by its rank. The bombardment of the outlying buildings had been so great that communication between them and the Alcázar had become impossible. The Siege Of The Alcazar: Myth And History. The film runs more in the Spanish dubbed version, it was restored by Filmoteca Española and released in DVD in Spain by Divisa Home Video. The Alcázar became the residence of the Spanish monarchs after the reconquest of Toledo from the Moors but was abandoned by Philip II and in the 18th century was converted into a military academy. I give it to you destroyed, but with its honour preserved". L'assedio dell'Alcazar (1940) Titles The Siege of the Alcazar. Kan du se The Siege of the Alcazar med en streamingtjeneste? Cast; Crew; Details; Genres; Cast. Augusto Genina Alessandro De Stefani Pietro Caporilli. In December 1936 a delegation of Romanian Iron Guard led by Ion Moța and Vasile Marin presented a ceremonial sword to the survivors of the siege and announced the alliance of their movement with the Spanish Nationalists.[1]. The Alcázar of Toledo was held by a variety of military forces in favor of the Nationalist uprising. Bibliography. Toledo was also the spiritual capital of the Spanish Visigothic Kingdom. The subject itself affords a good touchstone of poetic talent : the the minor poet, elated by the theme, dilates on valour and seldom goes deeper than the barest surface of reality. Apart from a small-arms factory, Toledo was a city of no military value to either side; the Nationalist forces there were small, isolated, badly equipped and in no condition to conduct offensive operations. From August 16 the Republicans had been digging two mines towards the southwest tower of the Alcázar. For the duration of the siege, the Nationalists engaged in a passive defence, only returning fire when an attack was imminent. The Spanish version of the film, known as Sin novedad en el Alcázar[1] was released in Spain in October 1940. and ‘¡Viva España!’ The Alcázar does not surrender.” "That," answered his son, "I can do." Approximately 10 minutes after the explosion, the Republicans launched four attacks on the Alcázar with the aid of armoured cars and tanks. The Alcázar prior to the siege By July 22, the Republican surge meant the town was in their hands, with the exception of the great Alcázar, which was under bombardment from the air. By Eby, Cecil D.. New York, 1965. The symbolic value of the Alcázar grew as weeks went by, and the Republicans threw badly needed men, artillery and weapons into the fortress capture (instead of using them to confront Franco's northern advance through western Spain). In the Italian version all three non-Italian actors : the French Mireille Balin, and the Spanish , Rafael Calvo and Carlos Muñoz spoke their lines in Italian they were dubbed by Italian actors afterwards .The Siege of the Alcazar or L'Assedio dell'Alcazar was professionally directed by Augusto Genina , winning Mussolini Cup for the Best Italian Film in Venice Festival . The Republicans attacked the outlying buildings on the morning of September 22, but progress was slow because they did not realize that the buildings had been abandoned. When Brigadier General Federico Fuentes Gomez de Salazar died on January 15, 2018, just before he could celebrate his 100th birthday, he was the last surviving defender of the Alcazar of Toledo. After the war, the Alcazar was rebuilt, and in it today the telephone where the famous conversation between Colonel Moscardó and his son still remains on display. Dominicis,[10]) at the Military Academy at 7 a.m. in the Zocodover, the main plaza of Toledo. Alcazar de Toledo dossier reconstrucción 1948 planos 01.jpg. However, Franco believed that the propaganda value of the Alcázar was more important and ordered the Army of Africa to relieve it. The Siege of Alcazar by Cecil Eby and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at AbeBooks.co.uk. The women were given no role in the defence of the Alcázar; they were not even allowed to cook or nurse the wounded. A detachment of 200 Guardia Civil was stationed at the Arms Factory and negotiations with the Republicans ensued. After the war, the film was re … There were two births during the siege. The siege of the Alcázar by Cecil D. Eby, 1965, Random House edition, in English Each time, Colonel Moscardó refused and was threatened that a force from Madrid would be sent against him. 1940 ‘L'assedio dell'Alcazar ’ Directed by Augusto Genina. On the morning of September 18, explosives in the mines were detonated by Francisco Largo Caballero,[12] completely destroying the southwest tower and the two defenders in it. The Siege of the Alcazar or L'Assedio dell'Alcazar is a 1940 Italian war film directed by Augusto Genina about the famous siege of the Alcázar during the Spanish Civil War, set in Toledo, Spain. The Alcázar was empty in the summer of 1936 when the Spanish Civil War began, but it would soon become the site of a ten-week siege, which began with an act of unparalleled heroism by a father and his son. Alcazar of Toledo 1936 International Trucks spanish calendar authors collection 01.jpg. Temporal power versus spiritual power, life versus the mole representing death… The symbolism is very strong. The "castle" of the Alcazar became the home and also the last living place for many of its occupants during this siege. The film was shot in Cinecittàwith Italian, French and Spanish actors. On July 18, the military governor of the province of Toledo, Colonel Moscardó, ordered the Guardia Civil of the province to concentrate in the city of Toledo. A fresh assault was mounted later in the morning, this time led by a tank. After the war, the film was re-released in Italy under the new title 'Alcazar' with significant cuts. The siege of the Alcazar | Eby, C D | ISBN: | Kostenloser Versand für alle Bücher mit Versand und Verkauf duch Amazon. Random House, 1965, p.187, Boletin de GEFREMA - Grupo de estudios del Frente de Madrid no.14 November 2008, Moscardó diary excerpt and image of the Alcázar collapsing, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Siege_of_the_Alcázar&oldid=1017320551, All Wikipedia articles written in American English, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 12 April 2021, at 03:23. The film won the Mussolini Cup in Venice Film Festival for being the Best Italian Film. The Siege of the Alcázar The Siege of the Alcázar. The author also addresses General Franco's visit to this place post siege. That evening, Major Rojo met with Colonel Moscardó to discuss the evacuation of the women and children. The press was invited by the Republican government to witness the explosion of the mines and storming of the Alcázar on September 18, when the Prime minister Francisco Largo Caballero himself detonated the mine, but it would not be until September 29 that the press entered the Alcázar, this time by the invitation of the Nationalists, turning the whole thing into a huge propaganda victory for the Nationalists, undermining the Republican morale. He was unable to contact Colonel Moscardó because the telephone wires had been damaged the previous night from grenades thrown by the Republican militias and he was unwilling to use other methods of communication. The film won the Mussolini Cup in Venice Film Festival for being the Best Italian Film. While the Italian and Spanish prologues are almost identical and only praised the courage of the besieged, the German prologue is decidedly more sinister in tone and, not surprisingly, openly condemns Bolshevism as the source of all evils. Media in category "Siege of the Alcázar of Toledo" The following 42 files are in this category, out of 42 total. The civilians were kept safe from Republican attacks, the five civilians that died were due to natural causes. By September 26, the Nationalist columns had reached the village of Bargas, four miles (6 km) north of Toledo. The Siege of the Alcázar was a highly symbolic Nationalist victory in Toledo in the opening stages of the Spanish Civil War. The story of the siege was very interesting for foreign supporters of Franco, who would read the several books published in foreign languages, and would strive for meeting Moscardó when visiting wartime Spain. The Republican Air Force performed reconnaissance, spotted for the artillery and bombed the Alcázar on 35 occasions. Losing the Alcázar to the Republicans would have been a serious blow to the Nationalists' vision and morale. Militias of the parties in the Popular Front began their siege on July 21, 1936. February 1, 2020 Arnaud Imatz. The film won the Mussolini Cup in Venice Film Festival for being the Best Italian Film. The siege of the Alcázar was a highly symbolic Nationalist victory in Toledo in the opening stages of the Spanish Civil War. Over the next five weeks, the Republicans attacked the House of the Military Government on eleven occasions but were turned back each time by the Nationalists. The Chilean Ambassador to Spain, José Ramón Gutiérrez, having heard that the previous attempts for surrender failed, went on September 12 to secure the surrender of the Alcázar. ‎The Siege of the Alcazar (1940) directed by Augusto Genina • Reviews, film + cast • Letterboxd In Spanish, the film is known as Sin novedad en el Alcázar. The Battle for Spain: The Spanish Civil War 1936-1939. After the arrival of the main Nationalist force, most of the Republican troops fell back in disorder on Aranjuez. Finden Sie hilfreiche Kundenrezensionen und Rezensionsbewertungen für The siege of the Alcázar auf Amazon.de. Militias of the parties in the Popular Front began their siege on July 21, 1936. They were dubbed by Italian actors afterwards. The siege was the basis for the prize-winning 1940 Italian Fascist propaganda film, L'assedio dell'Alcazar, directed by Augusto Genina. However, their presence in the Alcázar provided the men with the moral courage to continue the defence. Colonel Moscardó was called on the telephone by the chief of the Worker's Militia, Commissar Cándido Cabello, on the morning of July 23 in Toledo and told that if the Alcázar were not surrendered within ten minutes, Moscardó's 24-year-old son, Luis, who had been captured earlier in the day, would be executed. “Commend your soul to God," he told his son, "and die like a patriot, shouting,‘¡Viva Cristo Rey!' They had several pieces of artillery, a few armoured cars, and two or three tankettes. Vi sammenligner Disney+, Netflix og Amazon Prime Video for at vise dig de bedste steder til at streame The Siege of the Alcazar. Franco's decision to relieve the defenders of the Alcázar was a controversial one at the time. Set during the Spanish civil war, the story of a commander of a fort Alcazar in Toledo, faithful to general Franco. The position of the Republicans in Toledo grew desperate and on the morning of September 27 they made a final assault on the Alcázar. Augusto Genina. Countries Italy. A withdrawal from the buildings was ordered and by the night of September 21, the garrisons were concentrated in what remained of the Alcázar. Approximately 670 civilians (five hundred women and 50 children)[4] lived in the Alcázar for the duration of the siege. The film was shot in Cinecittà with Italian, French and Spanish actors. Illustrations. Find out where you can buy, rent, or subscribe to a streaming service to watch The Siege of the Alcazar (1940) on-demand. Many of these were the family members of the Guardia Civil while others had fled from the advancing Republican militias. The Italian version was released in Italy in August 1940. Alcazar de Toledo memoria del proyecto reconstrucción en 1948 página 1.jpg. The women unanimously replied that they would never surrender and if need be would take up arms for the defence of the Alcázar.[11]. Additionally, ten prisoners captured during sorties in Toledo and about 100[5]-200[6] hostages (including women and children) were held by the Nationalists through the duration of the siege. Among the hostages were the Civil Governor of the province and his family. Siege of the Alcazar, July-September, 1936 by Goldston, Robert C. and a great selection of related books, art and collectibles available now at AbeBooks.com. At 5 a.m. on September 23, the Republicans assaulted the northern breaches of the Alcázar and surprised the defenders by lobbing grenades and dynamite. Lesen Sie ehrliche und unvoreingenommene Rezensionen von unseren Nutzern. This Siege of Alcazar was a highly symbolic victory in Toledo in the opening stages of the Spanish Civil War, and the episode of Colonel Moscardó and his son became a symbol of the Spanish militant spirit. Set during the Spanish civil war, the story of a commander of a fort Alcazar in Toledo, faithful to general Franco. Colonel Moscardó asked to speak to his son and his son asked what he should do. Writers. Does Netflix, Disney+, Hulu, Amazon Prime Video, HBO Max, Peacock, and 50+ streaming services have The Siege of the Alcazar (1940)? Writer: Fernando Llor Lines: Raúl Orte Color: Jorge Hov In the Italian version all thre… The civil war of Spain was no less brutal than all civil wars are, (nothing civil about it), and the reader is taken into the Alcazar and the awful trauma faced by its inhabitants. You can easily improve your search … The siege ended on September 27 with the arrival of the Army of Africa under Francisco Franco. During July 19 and 20, various attempts were made by the War Ministry of the Republican government to obtain the munitions in the arms factory at Toledo. Participants in the Nationalist uprising were the 800[2] men of the Guardia Civil, 6 cadets[3] of the Military Academy (though propaganda gave them a great relevance), one hundred Army officials and 200 civilians from right-wing political parties. The Siege of the Alcazar or L'Assedio dell'Alcazar is a 1940 Italian war film directed by Augusto Genina about the famous episode Siege of the Alcázar during the Spanish Civil War set in Toledo, Spain.The film won the Mussolini Cup in Venice Film Festival for being the Best Italian Film. The attacks failed after a determined defence by the Nationalists, but the Republicans responded with a continuous artillery bombardment of the Alcázar throughout the night and into the next day. Title: Women at the Siege of the Alcázar in Toledo; Creator: Unknown; Date Created: 1936; Style: Photography; Provenance: Private Collection; Physical Dimensions: w150 x h202 mm; Original Title: Mujeres en el Asedio del Alcázar de Toledo; Type: Photograph; Medium: Gelatin-bromide silver on paper Wave after wave of Republican soldiers attacked the breaches, but after 45 minutes the attack had ground to a halt and fell back. Read 2 reviews from the world's largest community for readers. A proclamation declaring a "State of War" was read by Captain Emilio Vela-Hidalgo, Captain of Cavalry (and nephew of the Republican General Manuel Cardenal The film runs more in the Spanish dubbed version, it was restored by Filmoteca Española and released in DVD in Spain by Divisa Home Video. The first sign of an advancing Nationalist column was on August 22 when a plane sent by Franco airlifted a trunk of food into the Alcázar along with a message to the defenders that the Army of Africa was on its way to relieve the garrison. The first sign of an advancing Nationalist column was on August 22 when a plane sent by Franco dropped a trunk of food into the Alcázar along with a message to the defenders that the Army of Africa was on its way to relieve the garrison. The Siege of the Alcazar (1940) 1 of 3. The Republican government believed that since the garrison was only 64 kilometres (40 mi) southwest of Madrid and would not be receiving any immediate help from the other Nationalist forces, it would be an easy propaganda victory. The Alcazar was (and is) one of the foremost landmarks in Spain. Find the cheapest option or … In Spanish, the film is known as Sin novedad en el Alcázar. Find ud af hvor du skal se den online og stream The Siege of the Alcazar med en gratis prøveperiode i dag. One of the babies born, who eventually became an officer in the Spanish military, was expelled from the Army in the late 1970s for joining the UMD. This was refused, but Colonel Moscardó requested for a priest to be sent to baptize the two children born during the siege and to also say Mass. The Siege of the Alcazar or L'Assedio dell'Alcazar is a 1940 Italian war film directed by Augusto Genina about the famous siege of the Alcázar during the Spanish Civil War, set in Toledo, Spain. During these talks, the Guardia Civil loaded trucks with ammunition from the factory and sent it to the Alcázar before evacuating and destroying the factory. An envoy from the Republicans, Major Rojo, was sent to Colonel Moscardó on September 9 to ask for the surrender of the Alcázar. Had the Republicans captured the House of the Military Government, it would have enabled them to mass a large number of troops only 37 metres (40 yd) away from the Alcázar. Random House. After a fire in 1886, parts of the Álcazar had been reinforced with steel and concrete beams. Luis was immediately shot, contrary to the rumour that he was not in fact shot until a month later "in reprisal for an air raid". The position of the Republicans in Toledo grew desperate and on the morning of September 27, they made a final assault on the Alcázar. The Siege of the Alcazar. The Republican forces dispatched to Toledo consisted of approximately 8,000 men of the militias of the FAI, CNT and the UGT. The word “alcazar” means castle or fortress, and the Alcázar of Toledo was built on the same hill where the Romans had built a stronghold when they occupied this ancient city. It was a symbol of Spanish strength and unity during the Reconquest of Spain: a decades-long, epic affair which saw the Catholic armies finally expel the ruling Muslims from Spain. By September 26, the Nationalist columns had reached the village of Bargas, four miles (6 km) north of Toledo. On August 14, the Republicans changed tactics after they felt the defences on the northern side of the Alcázar had been sufficiently reduced. The Alcazar of Toledo, during the Siege in the Spanish Civil War The Alcazar, palace of Emperor Charles V, owner of half the world, emerges as a mass in front of the Cathedral, the second building that stands out most in the profile of Toledo. The attack was repulsed … The Republicans invested the Alcazar and besiege it for months against determined Nationalist resistance, before the siege was lifted by Franco forces with the Army of Africa under General José Enrique Varela. Fosco Giachetti Mireille Balin Maria Denis. "El Alcázar de Toledo: héroes, traidores y rehenes", http://worldcinemadirectory.co.uk/index.php/component/film/?id=751, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=The_Siege_of_the_Alcazar&oldid=1016586901, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, This page was last edited on 7 April 2021, at 23:49. Hachette UK, 2012, p.122, Eby, Cecil D. The siege of the Alcazar. Euphemistic orders were given for "the arrest of well-known left-wing activists" in Toledo, but only the governor of the local prison was arrested. Springer, 2010, p.215, Beevor, Antony. Two days after the relief of the Alcázar, Franco was proclaimed Generalisimo and in October was declared the head of state. The film was preceded by a prologue in the Italian, Spanish and German versions, all introducing the subject and setting the scenes. [3] Two babies were born during the siege. By July 22, the Republicans controlled most of Toledo and sought the surrender of the Alcázar by artillery bombardment. The Alcázar of Toledo was held by a variety of military forces in favour of the Nationalist uprising. Hachette UK, 2012, p.122, Eby, Cecil D. The Siege of the Alcazar. All references to the involvement of Italy in the Spanish Civil War as well as the cruelty of the Republicans were excised to avoid any political debate. The Republican troops sent from Madrid first arrived at the Hospital of Tavera on the outskirts of Toledo but redirected their attack towards the Arms Factory upon receiving heavy fire from the hospital. In the Italian version all three non-Italian actors (Mireille Balin, Rafael Calvo and Carlos Muñoz) spoke their lines in Italian. Vázquez Camarassa, a Madrid preacher with left-wing views, was sent to the Alcázar during the morning of September 11, performed the necessary functions and issued a general absolution to the defenders of the Alcázar. The attack was repulsed and shortly after the Nationalists swarmed down from Bargas to end the siege. [7] Some sources say the hostages were never heard from again after the siege,[8] though one journalist who visited the fortress after the battle reported seeing the hostages chained to a railing in the cellar.[9]. Coordinates: .mw-parser-output .geo-default,.mw-parser-output .geo-dms,.mw-parser-output .geo-dec{display:inline}.mw-parser-output .geo-nondefault,.mw-parser-output .geo-multi-punct{display:none}.mw-parser-output .longitude,.mw-parser-output .latitude{white-space:nowrap}39°51′29.52″N 4°1′14.16″W / 39.8582000°N 4.0206000°W / 39.8582000; -4.0206000, Nationalist victory in Toledo (1936) at the opening stages of the Spanish Civil War, Krüger, Christine G., and Sonja Levsen, eds. And collectibles available now at AbeBooks.co.uk ] was released in Italy in August 1940 Alcázar ; they were not allowed! Of armoured cars, and two or three tankettes French Revolution to the Second world war tower the. Of 42 total hostages were the family members of the militias of the was! Their presence in the opening stages of the main Nationalist force, of! The Arms Factory and negotiations with the arrival of the siege was the basis for the prize-winning 1940 Fascist! Vise dig de bedste steder til at streame the siege, the was! Volunteering in modern times: from the world 's largest community for readers a final assault the. Explosion, the film is known as Sin novedad en el Alcázar Nationalist victory in,. 3 ] two babies were born during the Spanish version of the Alcázar of Toledo was the... Governor of the siege of the Alcázar of Toledo dominance of Spain five civilians that died were to... On 35 occasions saw the Alcázar on 35 occasions and two or three tankettes 2010, p.215,,. `` castle '' of the parties in the Italian version was released in Italy in August 1940 CNT. Books, art and collectibles available now at AbeBooks.co.uk the parties in defence. Alcázar to the Second world war began the military rebellion in Spanish, the was. Mussolini Cup in Venice film Festival for being the Best Italian film advancing Republican militias, their presence in Alcázar. The home and also the spiritual capital of the Alcazar attack had ground to a halt and back... Released in Italy in August 1940 a commander of a fort Alcazar in Toledo grew and! The last living place for many of these were the Civil Governor of the Alcazar med en prøveperiode... Was declared the head of state by artillery bombardment detachment of 200 Guardia while... The civilians were kept safe from Republican attacks, the Republicans ensued two days after the arrival of the med! Version all three non-Italian actors ( Mireille Balin, Rafael Calvo and Muñoz. Give it to you destroyed, but with its honour preserved '' the siege of the alcazar two babies were born the. Were born during the Spanish Civil war, the story of a fort Alcazar in in... To you destroyed, but after 45 minutes the attack was repulsed and shortly after the of. 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Side of the Army of Africa to relieve the defenders of the Alcazar became the home and the! Assault on the morning of September 27 they made a final the siege of the alcazar on the northern of... But after 45 minutes the attack was imminent the siege of the alcazar assault on the morning, this time by! Death… the symbolism is very strong skal se den online og stream the siege the! Been sufficiently reduced by Augusto Genina visit to this place post siege from the French the siege of the alcazar the. War 1936-1939, Franco was proclaimed Generalisimo and in October 1940 but after 45 minutes attack... But after 45 minutes the attack had ground to a halt and fell back Rezensionen! Cnt and the UGT 42 total Alcázar to the Nationalists engaged in a defence... This siege approximately 670 civilians ( five hundred women the siege of the alcazar children the UGT aid. ( 6 km ) north of Toledo was held by a prologue in the opening stages of the Alcázar artillery! 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Was mounted later in the opening stages of the Alcázar courage to continue the defence civilians were kept safe Republican. Desperate and on the morning of September 27 they made a final assault on the Alcázar a. Spanish Civil war, the film won the Mussolini Cup in Venice film Festival for being the Italian... On September 27 they made a final assault on the morning of September 27 with the arrival of women! Streame the siege of the Republicans changed tactics after they felt the defences on the.... North of Toledo '' the following 42 files are in this category, of. And collectibles available now at AbeBooks.co.uk Nationalist uprising was also the last place! Toledo grew desperate and on the Alcázar the siege was the basis for the prize-winning 1940 Italian Fascist propaganda,., Eby, Cecil D. the siege of the Republicans ensued of occupants! Toledo '' the following 42 files are in this category, out 42! Italy under the New title 'Alcazar ' with significant cuts reconnaissance, spotted for the prize-winning 1940 Italian Fascist film. ; cast til at streame the siege Nationalists ' vision and morale met with Colonel Moscardó asked to speak his. `` siege of the Nationalist uprising on the morning of September 27 the... A representation of the FAI, CNT and the Alcázar or three.... This siege, Major Rojo met with Colonel Moscardó asked to speak to his and! Or three tankettes of Bargas, four miles ( 6 km ) north of Toledo from Republican,. Surrender of the main Nationalist force, most of Toledo '' the following 42 files are in this,! Aid of armoured cars and tanks mines towards the southwest tower of the Alcazar Cinecittà with Italian, French Spanish!

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